Skip to Main Content

Grey Literature

What is grey literature?

Grey literature is generally described as material “which is produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in print and electronic formats, but which is not controlled by commercial publishers". (4th International Conference on Grey Literature, Washington DC, 1999)

Grey literature is research that has not been published commercially and is therefore not necessarily searchable via the standard databases and search engines. Much grey literature is of high quality and can be an excellent source of up to date research in certain subject areas.

It should be noted that most grey literature is not subject to peer review and should be evaluated accordingly.

Text version

Close X
Grey literature examples: White literature examples:
  • research reports
  • clinical trials
  • standards
  • statistics
  • conference papers
  • maps
  • patents
  • policy documents
  • theses
  • journal articles
  • books
  • news articles
 Things to consider about grey literature:
  • it can provide more local information or alternative perspectives
  • it can be more current than formally published research literature
  • it can be more difficult to find
  • its quality can vary